Logic behind the hottest electricity price reducti

"Electricity price reduction "The logic behind it

the government work report at the beginning of the year proposed: reduce the electricity link charges and transmission and distribution prices, and reduce the commercial electricity price by an average of 10%. On April 23, the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee further emphasized the need to deepen the supply side structural reform and reduce the cost of enterprise financing, energy consumption and material flow.

reducing the cost of enterprise energy consumption and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises are the necessary steps for China's economy to change from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development The road of development is an inevitable choice to actively respond to international competition and avoid falling into the middle-income trap

on March 22, US President trump announced the imposition of tariffs on US $50billion of Chinese goods. After a brief pause, the Sino US trade war kicked off again. On April 16, the United States announced that it would prohibit American companies from selling parts, software and technology to ZTE for the next seven years. ZTE has suffered from the pain of closing its throat with a sword. The pain lies in the lack of core technologies and core products with independent intellectual property rights, which is also a common problem faced by the majority of late developing countries. The dilemma is not limited to this. Traditional advantages are becoming less and less. We are not only inferior to our skills, but also our labor costs continue to rise, and the cost of using energy is even higher than that of the first mover countries

according to the data of the U.S. energy information administration, in 2016, the average electricity price in China was 0.669 yuan/kWh, and the average electricity price in the United States was 0.683 yuan/kWh, which is close to the overall level of the two countries; The average industrial electricity price in China is 0.687 yuan/kWh, which is about 53% higher than that in the United States. Considering the factor of VAT deduction, it is still more than 31% higher than that in the United States

"reducing electricity price", more accurately, "reducing the cost of energy consumption by enterprises", has become a top priority in the current economic development. On April 4, Premier Li Keqiang further pointed out at the executive meeting of the State Council: "relevant departments and enterprises should focus on reducing the power consumption cost of general industrial and commercial enterprises and enhancing the competitiveness of industrial and commercial enterprises from the overall situation of national development and the ultimate interests of enterprises."

with the Shangfang sword, the national development and Reform Commission and local governments are vigorously promoting the "reduction of electricity prices", and it is bound to be achieved. On March 28, the national development and Reform Commission issued the notice on matters related to the reduction of general industrial and commercial electricity prices (fgjg [2018] No. 500), which listed four specific measures: "comprehensively implement the introduced electricity clearing policy, promote the reform of transmission prices of regional electricity and cross provincial and cross regional special projects, further standardize and reduce electricity link charges, and temporarily reduce transmission and distribution electricity prices". According to Zhang Manying, inspector of the price department of the national development and Reform Commission, the four specific measures implemented from April 1 involve an amount of 43billion yuan, about half of the annual price reduction target

with the attention and promotion of the central high-level, it will not be difficult to complete the annual task of reducing the average industrial and commercial electricity price by 10%. However, what are the current situation and main demands of power consumption costs of enterprises? What options do we have to reduce the energy cost of enterprises? How to establish a reasonable industrial and commercial electricity price formation mechanism? Wait, these questions need to be answered one by one

part1 participating in market transactions, halving capacity electricity charges and improving power reliability are the main demands of power consumption enterprises.

"reducing electricity prices is the same as reducing tariffs. Although the profits of relevant enterprises may be affected in the short term, small profits and quick turnover will instead promote the substantial increase in consumption and achieve a win-win situation for enterprises and downstream users." Premier Li Keqiang stressed at the executive meeting of the State Council that power enterprises should take the initiative in "reducing electricity prices". 2. There is some contact between the toothed rod and the toothed rod pressing plate

what kind of situation the actual power consumption cost of enterprises is in, which must be clearly understood by power enterprises, especially power enterprises. This magazine recently interviewed an industry leading high-tech enterprise located in the suburbs of Beijing, which is a provider of IOT technology, products and services

according to the person in charge of the Power Technology Department of the company, the plant was established in Beijing in 2009 and officially put into production in 2011. The LCD and other products produced by the company sell well all over the world, with an annual power consumption of more than 800million kWh and an annual electricity expenditure of more than 600million yuan. In 2017, the company purchased 794.6049 million kwh of electricity from power companies, paid 627.8028 million yuan of electricity charges, and the average household price was 0.790 yuan/kWh. The cost of electricity charges accounted for about 4% of the total cost of products. At present, the company has branches in Hefei, Erdos, Chongqing and Fuzhou, of which Erdos has the lowest electricity price, with an average household price of 024 yuan/kWh, using direct electricity purchase by large users. The second is Chongqing and Hefei. The average price per household is about 0.60 yuan/kWh, and part of the electricity is purchased directly by large users. The installed capacity of Beijing company was 400000 KVA when it built the plant. In the past, the capacity electricity charge was nearly 20million yuan per month. Since June 2014, power supply companies have charged basic electricity charges based on the maximum demand, and the monthly capacity electricity charge is also close to 10million yuan. The annual electricity consumption of Beijing company is roughly the same as that of Hefei company and Chongqing company, but the capacity electricity charge of Hefei and Chongqing is only about half of that of Beijing company

the person in charge told that in order to reduce the energy consumption cost of enterprises, Beijing company first saved about 2% of the annual electricity bill through internal energy-saving transformation; Second, industrial waste heat utilization equipment was installed to collect production waste heat and turn it into heating and heating steam, saving nearly 20million yuan per year; Third, a 6-megawatt photovoltaic roof has been built, of which 5 megawatts is the golden sun project in the Development Zone, and 1 megawatt is the third-party construction and operation. The total annual power generation is more than 5 million kwh, which also saves part of the electricity expenditure

how to further reduce the power consumption cost of enterprises? The friction force of the negative description device mainly affects the accuracy of the record. The person in charge put forward three demands:

first, he hoped that the Beijing direct power purchase policy would be implemented as soon as possible, and the company's annual power consumption was relatively stable, with 2.1-2.4 million kwh per day, which fully met the conditions of direct power purchase

second, it is hoped that the capacity electricity charge will be reduced by 50% on the existing basis, and the household electricity price will be reduced to about 0.60 yuan/kwh

the third is to further improve the power reliability. The company has particularly high requirements for power supply reliability. The production voltage of the core car is 20000 KVA, and the power supply must be kept on for 24 hours. An instant flash will bring about nearly 10million yuan of product and equipment losses

the company's biggest appeal is: on the basis of stable and reliable power supply and fast and convenient power supply services, the unit electricity cost expenditure is reasonably reduced

a goal - to reduce the average industrial and commercial electricity price by 10% this time, which should be fully implemented

two directions - reducing the electricity transmission and distribution price level, and cleaning up and standardizing the charging of electricity links

eight measures - clean up and standardize electricity link charges, release the reform dividends of transmission and distribution electricity prices of regional electricity, provincial electricity and trans provincial and trans regional special line transmission projects, reduce the standard of government funds collected in electricity prices, release tax reduction dividends and other eight measures

implemented in two batches - a number of measures have been issued, namely fgjg [2018] No. 500, involving an amount of 43billion yuan, which will be implemented from April 1; The second batch of plans will be implemented in the second half of the year and is being studied and demonstrated with an amount of 40billion yuan

after the release of fgjg [2018] No. 500 document, all regions have taken actions and introduced their own measures to reduce electricity prices. Among them, Beijing has reduced the electricity price per kilowatt hour by 1.53 points for general industrial and commercial users in the suburbs of the city (including the Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone) since April 1; From 2017 to 2019, the electricity price per kilowatt hour of general industrial and commercial users and other users in Beijing power transmission and distribution prices was reduced by 0.51 points. Jiangsu Province announced a reduction of 2.29 points per kilowatt hour in electricity prices for general industrial, commercial and other electricity consumption categories. On April 23, the Hubei Provincial Price Bureau issued a price adjustment notice, which reduced the price of electricity for general industry, commerce and other uses by 0.02564 yuan per kilowatt hour. The price adjustment policy will be implemented from April 1, 2018 (including the amount copied on the same day)

judging from the "electricity price reduction" measures that have been introduced in various regions, "temporary price reduction" has become the first choice, which is a simple, direct and immediate means. Of course, we cannot attribute government management of electricity prices to planned economic means. As a special commodity, as long as there is monopoly or market failure, price management exists at any time. Mature market economy countries also have the situation that the government directly sets or intervenes in prices, not to mention that China still has a long way to go to establish a mature competitive market and determine prices by the market. However, this "temporary price reduction" can not completely solve the problem of high electricity prices in China's industrial and commercial industries

it still needs people who tie the bell to solve the problem. We need to find out the causes of high industrial and commercial electricity prices and apply the right medicine to the case, so as to prevent industrial and commercial electricity prices from rebounding after periodic reduction, and take this opportunity to further rationalize the electricity price formation mechanism

part3 the high industrial and commercial electricity price is a typical manifestation of the poor pricing mechanism.

the high and low electricity price of a country is largely determined by resource endowment. China's primary energy endowment is not very good. The coal price of 5000 kcal in the United States has been stable at about $40/ton (about 300 yuan/ton) for a long time, while China's coal price has been higher than this price for a long time. In 2017, due to the removal of production capacity, it reached nearly 700 yuan/ton

according to the statistics released by the International Energy Agency in August 2016 and the electricity price data of some Asian countries, in 2015, China's residential electricity price ranked the third from the bottom among 31 countries, only higher than Mexico and Malaysia; However, the industrial electricity price ranks 16th, roughly in the middle. If China needs to open the box, the electricity price is generally at the lower middle level in the world, and the average electricity price is close to that of the United States, but the industrial electricity price is at least 50% higher than that of the United States

the electricity price should reflect the voltage level and load characteristics, "3 phenylmethane copolyester mxf121 material can resist these corrosion load characteristics excellently, reflecting the user's power consumption behavior and the use efficiency of system equipment. Residential users have low load rate, the lowest power supply voltage and the longest transmission distance, so its power supply cost is the highest among all kinds of users, so the electricity price level should be the highest. Industrial and commercial users have high load rate, high power supply voltage level, short transmission distance, and the power supply cost is lower than the average water of the system Therefore, its electricity price level should be low. In developed market economy countries and regions, industrial and commercial electricity prices are significantly lower than residential electricity prices. For example, in 2015, the residential electricity price in the United States was about 1.2 times the commercial electricity price and 1.9 times the industrial electricity price; The residential electricity price in OECD countries is about 1.1 times of commercial electricity price and 1.5 times of industrial electricity price. However, the residential electricity price in China has been lower than the industrial electricity price for a long time. According to Zhang Manying at the press conference, the current national average sales electricity price is 0.65 yuan per kilowatt hour, of which the residential electricity price is 0.55 yuan, the agricultural electricity price is 0.48 yuan, the large industrial electricity price is 0.64 yuan, and the general industrial and commercial electricity price is 0.80 yuan